Rectifier system.



No. 887,859. PATENTBD MAY 12, 1908.

o. o. KRUH;

REGTIFIER SYSTEM.

APPLIGATION FILED SEPT. 17, 1907.

WiGnesses: Im/entsor Ofrwv. Oslas O. Kfuh.

' UNITED lsrATEs PATENT OFFICE.

V'OSIAS O. KRUH, OF SCI-IENECTADY, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY,

A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK. n

RECTIFER SYSTEM.

Specification 'of Letters Patent.

Patented May 12, 1908.

f Application'led ySeptember 17, 1807. Serial No. 393,381.

To all whom t may con-cem:

B/it known that I, OsIAs O. KRUH, a citizen of the United States, residing at Schenectady, county of Schenectady, State of New York, have invented certain new and useful y, Improvements in Rectifier Systems; of which tem is in normal operation it sometimesyhapi pensv that high frequency eiects or high'volof the starting anodes.

tage oscillations occur, due to various disturbances in the system v v In such cases the rectifier may sometimes go out due perhaps to a temporary reversal of current, or vthere may be manifestations of high differences of potential between the main cathode and one In this latter case dischar es may occur which have the effect of shifting the cathode s ot from the main cathode over tov one of't e starting anodes. I have discovered that the bad effects of these phenomena' maybe in la great measure prevented by interposing a suitable inductance in the cathode lead in such a way as to balance in greater or less measure-the inductance in the circuits of the exciting anodes.

The features of novelty which characterizeV my invention are pointed vout with particularity in the appended claims, while the Yin-- f `vention itself, and articularly asembodied -in practice, will be etterunderstodby referenceto the following description taken in connection' with the accompanying drawings whichlrepresent diagrammatically one emi i vbodimentofmy invention'.

i TIn-the drawings, the rectifier tube is indicated at 1 and may of course, assume a variety of shapes. 1in the particular form -shown,however, the tube has two outwardly andupwardlyk extending arms 3 and .4 conto' bottom ofthe tube are three chambers containing the-main anodes 5 and 6. At the taining bodies of iriercury 7, 8 and 9, of which the body 8 constitutes the main negative electrode or cathode, while the bodies 7 and 9 constitute starting anodes.

, the electrical center thereof.

' of forms.

The rectifier shown is intended for use particularly for changing high voltage alternating current into`direct current, Vand more particularly Where it is desired to supply constant direct current to a load, say of arc lamps in series. The drawingindicates such a system.` The regulation is produced by securing the proper variation in the voltage of the alternating current supply and in the present instance is accomplished by the use of a well known type of constant current transformer, such as at 10,`having relatively movable primary and secondary coils. rectifier anodes 5 and 6 arecounected by suitable circuits to the terminals ofthe secondary coil 11 of this transformer, While the .consumption circuit 12, consisting of arc lamps or the like, is connected through a steadying inductance 13 to an intermediate point in the secondary 11, and preferably to ing or exciting anodes 7 and 9 are connected to a suitable circuit of moderate voltage, which exciting circuit /may assume a variety In the present instance it is shown asconsisting of a transformer having a secondary 14, the outer terminals of which are connected to the said electrodes 7 and 9. The middle or other intermediate point of the Winding 14 is connected throu h an inductlance coil 15 to a lead extendlng from the' cathode 8. It will now be seen that any high frequency effects or high voltage osciilations passing through the load circuit 12 will ave, except for the presence of the additional inductance coil 16, an easier path through the rectifier by wa of the cathode 8 than would be the case i branch off andA pass through the winding 14 to one or the other of the excitinU anodes 7 and'9, This'dierence in impedance may account for the fact that high voltages or high differences of potential lhave. been observed to exist between the cathode 8 and the starting anodes 7 and 9. I have found, however, that such high voltages, or atleast any injurious effects thereof, such as jumping of the cathode spot to the anode, may be prevented by inserting the induetance 16 in the cathode lead so that the circuits branching from the junction point, such as 17, re-

The other ter- The' i current were to v lspeetively to the cathode and the starting anodes, may be to Sonie degree of approximation7 of the same impedance.

While I have indicated to some extent my understanding as to the operation of the inductance coil 16, I do not Wish to be con lined to any particular theory of operation since the beneficial effects of my inventiony may be obtained regardless as to Which theory be entertained.

What I claim as neW and desire to Secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is,-

1. The combination of an evacuated vescurrent and by the main current of the de- V106.

2. The combination of a rectier tube hav.

ing main electrodes and starting electrodes, and inductive means for opposing the development of high frequency or high voltage effects between the exciting electrodes and one of the main electrodes.

3. The combination of a mercury arc rectiiier having main electrodes and starting electrodes, and inductive means for preventing the. shifting of the cathode spot from one of the main electrodes to one of the starting electrodes.

In Witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 16th day of Se tember 1907.

OSIA O. KRUH. Witnesses:

BENJAMIN B. HULL, MARGARET E. WooLLEY. 

